The Generation of Stigma
There can be many reasons for feeling ashamed, usually depending on personal values, social culture, circumstances, and individual experiences. Common reasons that may lead to feelings of stigma include:
Violation of Social Norms or Values: When we engage in behaviors that go against societal norms or our values, we may feel guilt and stigma. For example, violating ethical standards, harming others, or making unethical decisions.
Social Comparison: When comparing ourselves to others, we may feel stigma if we perceive ourselves as inferior or performing poorly. This comparison may involve appearance, wealth, social status, or achievements.
Failure and Mistakes: Failures and mistakes often trigger feelings of stigma, especially in critical situations or when witnessed by others. For some individuals, failure may be seen as denying personal worth and abilities.
Past Experiences and Trauma: Some people may feel ashamed due to past experiences or trauma. This may include experiences of bullying, abuse, or sexual assault.
Low Self-Evaluation: When we have low self-esteem regarding our abilities, appearance, or performance, we may feel self-conscious and ashamed.
Blame or Criticism from Others: When we are blamed, criticized, or reproached by others, we may feel ashamed, mainly if such criticism involves our traits or behavior.
Physical Issues: Physical problems such as obesity, disabilities, or diseases can sometimes lead people to feel ashamed because they fear social rejection or discrimination.
The Relationship between Stigma and Mental Health
There is a close relationship between stigma and mental health. While stigma can sometimes be a regular and adaptive emotional response, prolonged feelings of stigma can have adverse effects on mental health. Here are some relationships between stigma and mental health:
Self-esteem and Self-confidence: Prolonged feelings of stigma can undermine an individual’s self-esteem and self-confidence. Those experiencing stigma may have negative perceptions of their worth and abilities, thus affecting their self-esteem and self-confidence.
Anxiety and Depression: Stigma is closely linked to anxiety and depression. People experiencing stigma often worry about being discovered for their flaws or mistakes, leading to feelings of anxiety and sadness.
Social Disorders: Prolonged feelings of stigma can lead to social disorders, as individuals experiencing stigma may avoid interacting with others, fearing judgment or criticism.
Relationship Issues: Stigma can have negative impacts on interpersonal relationships. Those feeling stigma may avoid intimate relationships for fear of their partner or friends discovering their flaws.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Research indicates that individuals who have experienced severe trauma and stigma are more likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Stigma can exacerbate the psychological pain and distress following trauma.
Obstacles to Self-healing and Growth: Individuals experiencing prolonged stigma may find it challenging to achieve self-healing and growth. They may become trapped in self-blame and negative cycles, unable to move past traumas.
Therefore, effectively addressing and alleviating feelings of stigma is crucial for maintaining mental health. This may involve aspects such as seeking psychological therapy, emotional support, and self-acceptance.
How to Deal with and Resolve Stigma?
Resolving stigma is one of the critical steps in rebuilding self-esteem and mental health. We can alleviate the harmful effects of stigma on ourselves through the following methods:
Awareness and Cognitive Restructuring: Recognizing the existence of stigma is the first step in resolving it. Individuals need to understand that stigma is an emotion, not their essence. By becoming aware of the root causes of stigma and its impact on themselves, individuals can begin to develop a positive cognitive framework.
Acceptance and Understanding of Oneself: Accepting and understanding one’s experiences is crucial in resolving stigma. Individuals need to learn to accept their flaws and mistakes, realizing that everyone sometimes makes mistakes and experiences stigma. Understanding one’s past experiences and emotional reactions helps reduce feelings of stigma.
Building Self-worth: Individuals need to cultivate positive self-awareness and self-worth. This can be achieved by acknowledging one’s strengths and achievements and building self-respect and confidence. Setting realistic goals and achieving them can help increase self-worth.
Seeking Support and Establishing Support Systems: Seeking support and understanding are essential steps in resolving stigma. Individuals can communicate with friends, family, or professional mental health experts, sharing their feelings and experiences to gain support and guidance.
Positive Response to Internal Criticism: Individuals must learn to respond positively to internal negative criticism and self-blame. This can be achieved by changing the way they engage in internal dialogue and adopting a more positive and compassionate attitude towards themselves.
Seeking Psychological Therapy: For those who cannot resolve stigma or have severe feelings of stigma, seeking professional psychological therapy may be a practical option. Therapists can help individuals explore the root causes of stigma and provide skills and tools to address it.
